Tuesday 13 June 2023

Tataya and Pitambar (Miracles of nature )

 "Why do you think we are vulnerable ?" 

Tatya had a full meal of nectar from the frangipani and hibiscus flowers , and was sounding mildly drunk . His voice slurred . Reclining on a branch , he had his legs folded over his yellow and black abdomen and was giving Pitambar his "hundred eyed stare ." 

"because we can be crushed , eaten , pulverised , decimated , by anything that moves or flies or walks . " Pitambar was in a bad mood . He had probably encountered a bird or an army of ants on his way up here . 

 Without moving a muscle , Tatya replied , "look around you . "

 They were seated on a silk cotton tree , under the blistering forenoon sun of midsummer . The bark of the branch was quite bumpy , but Pitambar daren't say that . Tatya was in a fierce positive" vibe " mood . He was likely to launch into his favourite see-the -positive -side-of -things tirade . 

"What ?" Pitambar couldn't find anything out of the ordinary . 

Tatya let out a very long , injured sigh . 

"The leaves , Pits , see the leaves . " 

Pitambar looked around him wearily . The leaves were green . Plenty 
"What about them ?" 

" What about them ? They are pale green , freshly sprouted . New borns ." Tatya shoved his face into Pitambar's , in a show of mock- school- boyish aggression . As it is , all his conversations sound like high school debates . Pitambar thought . 

" and .....? " Pitambar knew Tatya needed to be goaded to say the punch line . 

"So , they are against the sun . " 

Then it hit Pitambar . The leaves were translucent , parrot green , standing upto the might of the blazing sun . It was a miracle indeed. 

"They'll probably wilt by today evening . Poor guys . "  Pitambar shook his head with dismay at the tree's decision to expose its babies to the harshest sun of the year . 

"Probably , probably not . Look " Tatya pointed skywards . Rolling clouds of grey black colour had begun forming on the western half of the sky , slowly , but surely lumbering in . 

"Monsoon is almost here . Probably the nature is not so dumb as we think it to be . The tree knows what is it doing exactly ." 

"Now hear . "  Tatya had perked up his ears and went silent . 

Pitambar could hear the loud crickets humming , that's all . That , and the hum of fruitflies feasting on fallen mangoes in the field . 

Suddenly , a sharp metallic "cheep " broke the air . Then other , another . Pitambar looked at Tatya , alarmed , ready to take flight . If it was a bird close by , better take flight . As his parents warned him always . 

"Relax , it is the sunbird . It is looking for a place to make a nest , hence very busy . Anyway , they drink nectar , not eat insects . " 
"So , we  are competition ,right ?. " Pitambar pointed to his chest . Feeling very much like the insect he was . 

" Okay , okay . they do get very hungry during ......" The purple black psychedelically coloured bird flew in at super speed and sat on the edge of a large hibiscus sitting , not two feet from the friends . It was amazing , a tiny bird producing a metallic sound so sharp , that it cleaves the air of the entire forest . 

" Now , we will slowwwly move away . " Tatya whispered and the two friends , crawled and flew to safety ,  within inches of death . 


Thursday 8 June 2023

More adventures of Tataya and Pitambar (homes of your own)

 ( Tatya is a black and yellow jacketed hornet with a nasty sting on its butt , an abbreviation of Tataya , the generic Hindi name for wasps , and Pitambar is a yellow wasp , meaning one with a yellow attire . ) 


"So , in the house where I live.."  began Tatya one morning with a great deal of  presumptuousness and pomposity . 

" You live in a house now ? Like humans ? " Pitambar was incredulous , impressed and a trifle scared for his friend , and his own association with Tatya . Proximity to humans always spelt danger . There were screams , sprays of poisonous gases , flames , smokes and hot water . Pitambar shivered from his past reminiscences . 

"Arrey , no . relax . " Tatya continued to clean his proboscis which he had unrolled from inside his mouth , slowly , deliberately , thoughtfully , after a long draught of water he was having at the central fountain in the park , when Pitambar chanced upon him . He was reclining on a branch , his legs one on top of another , just like a human . Pitambar thought , this Tatya must have been a human in his last birth .

Heck no, he might be one in this birth too , just taken the hornet's form , by mistake . 

Once again , Pitambar's danger alarm went off , in his mind . Should he continue being friends with this freak ? 

"Then ? You have build a house , like we all do for our babies , our queen ?" 

"Pshaw !! " Tatya scoffed . " No queen -shween " 

"What ? You built a home for yourself ?"  Tatya nodded and smiled his don-like lopsided smile . 

Pitambar was beside himself with disbelief . How could he ? 

"How could you ? Isn't this against the code ? You are a male , you are supposed to find a mate , then build a house for her and your future kids !!" 

Tatya just mouthed his friend's words , noiselessly , rolled his large compound  eyes , and said nothing . 

"So you built a house just for yourself ." Pitambar had to say it again to make it sound true .

Tatya just nodded . 

"How could you ?" 

This was where Tatya lost it .

"What do you mean , how could I ? Why can't I ? I ask you , why shouldn't I ? I want to live in a snug . cosy place , protected by the elements , all by myself . Why can't I ? Why should I share it with a grumpy , grouchy , complaining , demanding woman and screeching , brattish children . Listen , I have a very short life . I want to spend it in peace , and tranquillity and quietude . Get it " 

Tatya was out of breath after this tirade and had rolled back his proboscis , sucking it into his mouth with a thump . 

Pitambar was still in shock . But he knew better than to butt Tatya with more questions . Tatya had gone too far again . Again , he was thinking and acting like humans . A home all for himself !! What a preposterous thought ? Pitambar was flying away , away from this half -human hornet . He knew from his usage of big long words , that he was in a very , very bad mood . He didn't want to be around his friend right now . He would come back later , once he had cooled down . 

Or , who knows , Tatya might visit him , at Pitambar's mud abode , crawling with young ones . 
But he liked playing with my kids . And he always praised my wife's cooking . What happened with him ? 

Pitambar prayed an age old prayer " God ! please find him a wife . A woman hornet , crazy enough to love him , " .

Feeling suddenly very paternal towards his friend , Pitambar  heard a whoosh next to him . He was thrown off guard . Pitambar flew slowly , deliberately . This thing flew at the speed of light , like a jet . 

Pitambar had to stop suddenly , or "step hard on your brakes " , as Tatya would put it . 

Tatya was hovering on his flight path , folded arms , looking very cross, staring straight at him . 

"Whhat now ?" Pitambar found his tongue .

"Don't go about tattling about me ?Ok? " 

"No, no . Of course not ." 

"I do not want paparazzi outside my home when I wake up in the morning . " Pitambar and Tatya were hovering in the air , facing each other . 

I think this is what is famously called " face -off" , Pitambar thought and almost slapped himself mentally , for such " human thoughts "

Then , suddenly , inexplicably , Tatya burst into laughter . He clutched his tummy , rolled mid air , his wings , still buzzing , and snorted from his nose . It was a quizzical and hilarious sight , all rolled into one . A passing mynah tut tutted and took a swipe at them . Both quickly shot zig zag then disappeared inside the fronds of  a banana leaf. 

Gathering themselves , it was Pitambar's turn to be angry . 

"What is wrong with you Tatya ? First , you say , behave , and do strange things . Then you block the birds' highway , creating a ruckus , right there .We could have been killed , swallowed into that mynah's tummy ."

"You should have seen the look on your face ?" Tatya was still laughing , wiping tears from his compound eyes , against the leaf frond. 

The place was warm , sticky and infused with a leafy green glow . Pitambar was feeling dizzy , like having taken drugs . He peeped out , cautiously from inside , and was about to fly out when Tatya zoomed out , all style , with great noise , and settled down on one of the branches of the neem . 

"You are reckless . " Pitambar had just one cautious  word to say to Tatya . "I am going home ."

Tatya just tut tutted , imitating the mynah . 


" Be careful not to drink any neem sap . It is poisonous . " Piatmbar called out even as he faded  from Tatya's sight . 



Sunday 4 June 2023

Mangoes , hornets and a crime

 The forest  was redolent with sweet , sickly smell of rotting ripe mangoes , and jamuns . An overpowering hum of insects followed , if you tune in your ears , to listen above the roar of the automobiles on the road nearby . 

There were gazillions of ants,flies , wasps , bees and beetles at task . Sucking , slurping , licking , and drinking . The noise was overpowering . 

"It is like  a war ." Tatya, the hornet, declared from inside a mango. The mango in question was a huge , juicy Himsagar . Right opposite the Big Boss's house . It had fallen from the tree of its own accord . The juicy weight made it crack the moment it fell with a loud "Thwack".  Overnight the ants had colonised the  pulpy interior . They came out , their bellies full , some even passed out right there in the grass , with sugar overload .

"Gluttons " Tatya had remarked loftily , humming at the sight of drunk , bellyup ants . 

 Tatya came in the morning , when the cracked edges has curled inside , and most of the juice had oozed out , making it easy to wriggle inside and eat from the "heart " of the mango . 

"Why war ?" Tatya's sidekick , Pitambar , the wasp asked , alighting soft footed, on a freshly fallen , still green , gigantic Fazli . 

"Because it is every insect to themselves ." Tatya had to emerge from the belly of the mango to answer . Like the ants he scoffed at earlier , he too , felt woozy and unsteady on his legs . His tiny tummy had sucked up enough sugar to last him for days . 

"Isn't it always ? " Pitambar's truisms always sprung from questioning Tatya's foolish certainties. He didn't have to look far for wisdom . It was always to be found in the foolish utterances of his friend . Like a lotus in the murky pond, or sweet , clean , mango , in a sea of rotting fruit . Pitambar smiled at his metaphor . 

With a benign belch Tatya flew unsteadily to Pitambar , and alighted on his terra mango firma. Pitambar , was still rubbing his forelegs together . 

"At this rate , this is all you'll do ." 

"What ?" 

"Rub your hands . In frustration . All the food will be gone . " 

"You think so ?" And Pitambar swivelled his enormous  compound eyes , all over the green compound , now turned yellow , with large rotting mounds ." Tatya followed his gaze .

"Ok. Ok . I get your point . But you mushht begin sommwhere . You have to...." Tatya trailed off , turning to his side and snoring, mid mutter  . 

"Hah ! Who is glutton now ? " A red ant passed by , scraping Tatya's wings with its clawed leg . " Being all snobbish and calling others names . Baah !" the ant grumbled away .

"Look out !" Pitambar shouted at the ant . He hated ants . Opportunists . 

He sighed . Now , he was stuck . He couldn't leave Tatya's side , lest some harm befall him , and he couldn't fly elsewhere , looking for better mangoes . 

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"I am named after the legendary fighter , Tantya Tope ." Tatya was boastful the next morning . "Hence the simile of war . I see strife and attrition everywhere . " 

'Nonsense . You are just named after tataya , the hindi name for hornet . And I am just a yellow attired person ." Pitambar sighed . Sounding older than his years . 

" No imagination !! What about the weapon I am blessed with at birth ? " Tatya showed off his sting on his butt , like an unsheathed dagger . With a sudden cry , he unfurled his wings and flew away from the plant they were resting on . 

"Hey wait ! Why the hurry ?" 

" Ok . So I don't want to sound superior , but didn't you see a snake slithering up the tree trunk next to us ? " Tatya was incredulous .

"Of course I did ." Pitambar was cool . He never lied . He actually saw the snake . 

"And you didn't move ." 

'It came to eat the bird's eggs on the tree nest . Not us . "

"Oh ! I see . How does that make us feel safer ?" 

" Because the enemy of one's enemy is a friend . Birds eat us , snakes eat their eggs . " 

"Aaah ! But what about the ants ? They wrestle us , grab our homes and eat bird's eggs as well ." 

"They eat everything . I hate ants , they're opportunists ." Most of Pitambar's arguments ended in anti-ant tirade . Then he would frown darkly and not speak for hours . 

Two of his homes were grabbed by ants . His queen was eaten by them . He never forgave them . 

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"Dude , dude I just discovered a crime ?" Tatya was in the warrior mode again . Flying erratically , shouting at the top of his voice . Actually , he was humming loudly , to the rest of the world . 

Either way , it was a bad sign . It would attract undue attention and trouble would follow . A fatal throw of a sandal , swipe of a rolled up newspaper , or a sprayed deathly gas . Loud humming was never a good  sign .

Pitambar followed him . Trying to calm him down,  countering his outburst.

"You mean a "grime"? You must have discovered some rotting thing swarming with ants."

"Don't be silly .A crime is  committed in the human world . When a man tries to kill another , may or may not succeed . Then , it is called a crime . " Tatya flew zig zag , dodging branches , clothes line with large sheets flapping dangerously , blotting out sun , some even had huge  misleading flowers printed on them . 

Everything in the human world was either designed , or was , by accident , meant to keep out insects . And here was Tatya , solving human crimes . Pitambar was  furious and frustrated . Tatya just didn't see the gigantic scale of the human world , and his insignificant self in it . That made him either a terrible fool or a terrifically great person . Pitambar , at these times , was totally at a loss with himself . He didn't know whether to abandon Tatya to his grandiose schemes or to follow him doggedly like a devoted friend that he was , standing with him , in all his colossal follies . 

It is "sheer dumb luck " ( as Professor McGonagal would  put it ) that Tatya had survived for so long . He was no Harry Potter either , in the magical world of Hogwarts . 

"But isn't it what always keeps happening in the insect world . We are forever trying to kill each other. "

Pitambar was clutching at straws .

"We are different . We do not matter ." Panted Tatya back from above his shoulder .

"What ?" Pitambar was flabbergasted . He stopped mid air . He just had enough . 

To be called that he didn't matter . Or that he was a nobody , and that helping humans , whose only aim in existence was to eradicate insects ( pests , they called us ) , simply tipped the balance . 

He refused to follow this fool's butt , tail , sting , trail , whatever . 

Pitambar took a deep breath and landed on a leaf , and watched Tatya's black butt zoom out of focus of his hundred compound eyes . He blinked back a tear and prayed for Tatya. That is all he could do . Tatya didn't even look back , for a second .

Pitambar felt miserable , and a mild  shade of a traitor .

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"No sir , I am not hallucinating ! I am telling the truth ."  Constable Parmar was trying to convince his superior at work , S.I. Chauhan . He didn't sound convinced .

"So , according to you , I am supposed to believe , that you found the corpse of the victim , Mr Raju , aged 12 , lying in a ditch , face down , at the far end of the mango orchard , because you followed a hornet ?"  Chauhan Saab was reading from his notes on the notepad , and looked incredulously , at the notes he himself had written a few moments ago , after he called Parmar to his office . 

Parmar was the first to discover a corpse of a boy , missing for the last three days , lying in a ditch beyond the mango farm . He said in his statement , that he followed an erratically behaving hornet . It zigzagged in front of his bike , hummed incessantly into his ears , sat on his handles and led  him to the site of crime , after which he lost track of the hornet . 

"It almost seemed as if it wanted me to discover the body ."

Taking a deep breath , and trying to appear calm , Chauhan saab said through his gritted teeth " What did you smoke last night , Parmar ? Or were you drunk ? " 

Parmar clicked his tongue and touched his earlobes in repentance " Sir , no one had ever smoked and drunk in my family for the past thirty years . " 

"You know how this is going to sound ? You know na ? "  Saab's face was getting redder . 

" I know Sir . I am just telling you what I saw ." Parmar answered meekly . 

" Listen ." Chauhan took a sip of water . " I will write that you perceived a stink , as you left your home , and followed your nose . Is that ok ? "

"Ok , Sir ." Parmar was resigned to these things , long ago . Seniors with no ounce of imagination. In fact , the entire world comprised of a  vast majority of people who had no time or patience for imagination . And they lost out on great deal . For sure . 

Chauhan tore up the earlier statement . Wrote a fresh one , and showed it to Parmar . Very reluctantly , he put his signature there. Now he knew how Galileo must have felt before being asked to retract his statements . In his head and heart Parmar knew it was the hornet . 

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Chauhan Saab's desk was littered . There were photographs of suspects ,  sheafs of papers , files . 

He hated chaos . So he rearranged files into a heap, papers were neatly clipped into a clipboard . and photographs lined up on the table , in two neat rows . Twenty unkempt faces stared back at him , from his glass top , as he thought . Thought hard . 

Suddenly there was a commotion outside . Overturning tables , a thrown footwear , screams , thuds . Chauhan must have opened his door a crack , and the source of the mayhem sailed into his cabin . A large yellow black jacketed hornet . 

Chauhan was petrified and silenced . He lived in mortal fear of stings and bites from insects . Hardened criminals shivered in his presence , however he shook with fear at the sight of rats , snakes , scorpions , bugs , beetles , flies . It was a long list .  

The hornet flew at the table . Hovered over the photographs . Going over them , one by one . 

Chauhan watched mesmerised from the door , and putting his finger on lips , shut the door quietly on all the chappal wielders , who had followed the hornet . They smiled wickedly , thinking that the hornet was trapped now and will meet its just end at the hands of Chauhan saab's rolled up Journal of Police Academy . 

It was not to be . On the contrary , Chauhaan watched in fascination , as the hornet tried to pick up one of the photos with its legs , failing which , it went and sat on the face . 

This was like a tarot card reading in the town square by that  fraud astrologer , Nathu and his parrot . Only this was weirder . 

"I am just telling what I saw , Sahab . " Parmar had said , unhesitatingly , as he had saluted Chauhan on his way out . Chauhan had known Parmar for last five years , and he knew , he never lied . What was this coincidence ? Chauhan pinched himself as he saw the hornet rub his forelegs buzzing comfortably over that one photograph . 

In a trance , Chauhan walked slowly and  opened his window . The hornet continued to sit . The he very gingerly picked up the photo with the hornet still on it , and took it to the window . Before shaking it , he nodded at the hornet , ever so slightly . Immediately , as if with its million compound eyes , it had seen Chauhan , it took wing , hovered ever so slightly and flew out of the open window . 

It was like an epiphany , a miracle . 

Chauhan stood mesmerised , for a long time , staring out into the yellow , gold , shimmering morning . That is how his assistant , Borkar found him . Holding a black and white passport sized photograph , staring into the space . 

"Hornet killed sir ? " Borkar had poked his head into the cabin . 

"yes , ahhh no . Actually I opened the window to let him out . " 

Borkar silently closed the window , and lowered the AC temperature to 18 degrees , to make up for the lost cold air . 

"Water, Sir ?" Borkar was all business . Cool , level headed . 

"Aah , yes please . Borkar , please send Parmar in ." 

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The jeep , old and rusty , roared to a stop . It was a village road . All dust , shimmer and haze . As it was millions of years ago . We haven't changed one bit . Thought Chauhan as he alighted . 

He wore aviators to avoid glare and dust going into his eyes . Now he needed to see . So he took it off and tucked it away into his pocket. 

Parmar followed him , and rapped on the closed wooden doors of one of the huts with his baton . 

The door was opened by an old man . He could be anything between 50-70 years old . Wrinkled and dusty , he wore a dhoti and had a red cotton gamcha thrown over his shoulders . 

He appeared spooked to see the police . 

"Lachu prasad ?"

"ji saab ." 

"You are the guard for the Ramavtar's mango orchard ?"

"ji saab". 

It was rumoured about Chauhan Saab that he could see a lie in a person's eye . It was true . 

" Why did you kill the boy ?" 

"What boy are you talking Saab ? " 

" The one who was picking mangoes off the property on Saturday night ." 

Then it briefly came back to Lachu . The fleeing dark figure . The unmistakable aim of his lathi thrown from a distance of 50 metres . The thud . The silence . He had not even gone to check . Not even to retrieve his lathi . Couldn't care less . He had a couple of them in his arsenal , stacked up outside his hut . 

That the fingerprints had given him away was just the seal the case required . Lachu almost silently got into the jeep , wrists bound by a cheap coconut fibre rope , chafing , a hood over his eyes . He hated drama , but his wife had wept as he was led up , beaten her breasts .  A crowd had gathered . 

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"You were right about this hornet Parmar. Seems to be someone special . Like a divine intervention . " 

" Like Hanuman on the first reconnaissance  visit to Lanka ." Parmar folded his hand and bowed , overjoyed at his validation . 

"But not a word to anyone , understood ? " Chauhan was very practical . he knew what others would think . That insanity was running amok in the department . 

"It can have grave consequences for both our careers." 

"I agree sir ." 

"It will be our secret ." 

"Yes sir . Without doubt sir ."  Parmar saluted smartly and marched off the cabin . 

Chauhan rang the bell . Borkar poked his head in , torso still out . He hated AC and forced cooling . 

"Sir ?" 

"Bring me the missing person's file of last month . Need to notify the boy's parents ." 

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" That was when the real drama unfolded." Tatya was reclining on a branch . Talking animatedly , relating the entire story , highlighting his hero's role , having made up with Pitambar . 

"That boy turned out to be his missing son ." 

"Whose son ? " 

"Lachu's son had been missing for a week . Last seen in the vicinity of the orchard ." 

"Oh My word !! Don't you say ?" 

"Yeah . Killed his own son . Doing his damn duty . Protecting bleeding mangoes ." 

Tatya got up and zoomed towards the orchard again . Pitambar followed .

"And the father didn't know his own son ?" 

Pitambar was incredulous .

"Yes . It was dark . Human senses are limited . Their IQ and brilliance too . Foolish giants ." 

Tatya nosedived into yet another mango . 

"Wait !! Aren't you scared of flying lathis ?" 

"Who me ? Pshaw !! I can hear one whizzing from far way !" 

"Really ?" 

" Yeah , just as now ." Tatya grabbed Pitambar around the waist and tackled him to the fruity , pulpy floor , humming with flies and ants , even as a huge footwear whistled past . It landed a metre away . Bathroom slipper. Bata. White and blue .

Pitambar looked up at Tatya , wide eyed with amazement and  gratitude . 

A huge human loomed up and shouted at another receding human back , racing towards the same ditch . 

Another mango thief . 

"Told ya ! Ha." Tatya winked and dove into a juicy chausa . 

 









Suburbs vs the city

 " Clearly then , the city is not a concrete jungle , it is a human zoo ." 

                                                                       Desmond Morris 


Kolkata was born out of a confluence of three villages . Kalighat , Sutanuti , and Gobindpur . This was fortified after the Battle of Plassey in 1757 , and developed into the formidable megapolis that we know today as Calcutta or Kolkata . 

However , what we forget is that several attempts were made to develop Forts and fortifications , both by the Mughals and the East India Company , interspersed with several skirmishes over the years , around the city area . 

There are historical records of attempts at building harbour at Uluberia , Howrah ; A fortified stronghold at the village island of Hijli ( present day IIT Kharagpur ) , and a huge trading outpost (of course , heavily fortified against looters ) at Balasore , Orissa . 

 All this was done , keeping in mind the maritime prowess of the East India Company which was a naval superpower in the 18th century . 


The point here is , the suburban towns , surrounding a city are as important as the city, itself . If not more . 

The surrounding small towns of any big city is an impressive and an important catchment area for service providers , raw materials and other resources . Any travel outside Kolkata will reveal to you , that most of the fish comes from Kolaghat , where the mighty Rupnarayan river , still unsullied and not-yet-poisoned with prodigious city filth and effluents , produces the best , largest and juiciest fish forms . Anyone who has lived in Bengal , will tell you that fish produce , and river commerce is of prime importance . 

Sand for  new constructions comes from the Subarnarekha ( the aptly named "Golden thread " )river  in  the far reaches of East Medinipur . The bricks , likewise , are sourced from brick kilns , elsewhere . The vegetables in the kolkata bazaars , arrive from Salkia , Burdwan , Asansol , and New Town . 

The local trains that enter Kolkata in the wee hours of the morning , and depart till late night are choked with the suburban commuters . They run mall s, factories , railway workshops , foundries , schools , hospitals ,printing presses and homes . Generations of suburban kids from Mecheda , Baghnan , to haldia , will tell you similar stories . Of a father , never seen . That he woke up in the wee hours of the mornings , caught the morning train to work , with his lunch dutifully packed , and returned late in the night ,when kids had gone off to sleep . 

The city , a megalith , should remember that , it was built by generations of blood , sweat , toil and tears from the meek suburban worker , clinging to 10 cms of a wet sweaty steel rod , rattling away to work , in the darkness of the pre dawn , returning in  the smoky chaos of the dusk. 


It is payback time now . Instead of increasing the burden of the metropolis , it is important to decongest it . 

It is time to step back , and move base to the euphemistically named "Tier two " cities , or the towns that come next , or the suburbs . It is time to develop land , build homes , hospitals , schools and playgrounds in salubrious , and breathable , green air of the small towns . They should be seen as life givers to the people ,, not just an endless provider of manpower and fresh produce . 

It is time that we decongest the cities , plant trees , increase green cover , Make spacious gardens , replace concrete jungles with actual green forests , and redistribute our commerce amongst people who actually need it . We need to go easy on our plummeting ground water levels , rising cost of living and skyrocketing pollution . We need to lower our gaze from the sky scrapers , to actually look for stars and moon in the inky black rural sky , with no yellow neon or sodium vapour lamps sullying our sights . 

" Everytime you think of a city , 

 you have to think green , green , green 

Everytime you see aconcrete jungle 

You must find open spaces 

And when you find open spaces , 

make it so people can get to them ."

Eduardo Paes . 

To make the "green lungs " thrive and function , we need to decompress , distribute our wealth generating factories , warehouses , farms , to the suburbs , where it can generate jobs for the people , without the need for pressing migration tot he cities , on a temporary or a permanent basis . 

It is as a poet once said 

" Once we are surrounded by concrete forests , we will start building actual forests . "